In the periodic table, what are elements in the same column known as?

Elements in the same column of the periodic table are known as a group. This terminology refers to a vertical arrangement of elements that share similar chemical properties and often have the same number of valence electrons. Elements within the same group typically exhibit analogous behavior in chemical reactions, which is a result of their similar electron configurations.

This grouping allows chemists to predict how different elements will react based on their position in the periodic table. For example, the alkali metals (Group 1) are highly reactive and share common characteristics like a single valence electron. Understanding groupings in the periodic table is fundamental for studying chemical behavior, bonding, and reactivity trends among elements.