What is the primary function of an ion exchange column?

The primary function of an ion exchange column is to replace calcium and magnesium ions with sodium ions, which is essential in water softening processes. This method involves passing water through a resin that contains sodium ions. When water with hard minerals, such as calcium (Ca²⁺) and magnesium (Mg²⁺), flows through the column, these hard ions are attracted to the resin and held in place. Simultaneously, the sodium ions are released into the water. This exchange reduces the hardness of the water, making it more suitable for domestic use, such as in laundry and plumbing systems, and preventing scale buildup.

The other options do not accurately represent the primary function of an ion exchange column in water treatment. Increasing the boiling point of water is not related to ion exchange processes. Adding magnesium ions would actually contribute to water hardness rather than soften it. The claim of removing all chemical compounds from water exceeds the function of ion exchange, which specifically targets ionic species rather than all compounds, including non-ionic substances.