Which enzyme is involved in breaking down hydrogen peroxide?

The enzyme involved in breaking down hydrogen peroxide is catalase. This enzyme is essential for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, a potentially harmful byproduct of metabolic processes, into water and oxygen. This reaction is crucial for protecting cells from oxidative damage that can be caused by the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide.

Catalase is highly efficient and facilitates this reaction at a rapid rate, helping to maintain cellular health. The presence of catalase in many living organisms, including humans, is vital because it prevents the toxic buildup of hydrogen peroxide, ensuring that cellular functions can proceed without harmful interruptions.

The other enzymes mentioned serve different roles in biological processes. Amylase breaks down starches into sugars, protease breaks down proteins into amino acids, and lactase is responsible for the digestion of lactose, the sugar found in milk. Each enzyme is specialized for a specific type of substrate, demonstrating the diversity of enzymes and their functions in biochemical reactions.